Author

• Bahman Nozhat

Abstract

Books of Ma‘āref related to education in religious literature, are profound different approaches to Mystical ideas. These books as a literary genre begin with, Ma‘āref of Bahā-e Walad and continues by his spiritual successors. The mystical books’ known as Maâref in Islamic mystical literature had an important role in the history of mystical thought and they had influenced later periods. Among them Ma‘āref of Bahā’ Walad, Ma‘āref of Borhān al-din Mohaqqeq Termazi, Ma‘āref of Molawi, Ma‘āref of Walad can be mentioned. This article studies the rise of books of Ma‘āref and their mystical and literary themes and also deals with the development of them in the first decades of the fourth century A.H.

Keywords

• Bahā’ al-din Walad
• Borhān al-din Mohaqqeqe Termazi
• Soltān Walad
• Ma‘āref nāmeh