Abstract

The newfound term “Wilāyat Takwīnī (Ontological Guardianship) has
its origin in opinions of early Sufis. This paper has written by descriptive
analytical method, Based on mystic’s works that has shown that Hakim
Termezi (295or 300 A.H.) was the first Sufi who brought up the issue of
“Wilāyat Takwīnī” without any philosophical ideas. The Sufis since
him, such as: Tousi (378 A.H.), Kilābādhī (380 A.H.), Abu Tālib
Makkī(386 A.H.), Sollami(412 A.H.), Qosheiri (465 A.H.), and
Hojwīrī(481to500) also considered the issue of “Wilāyat Takwīnī”
without following his idea. In their opinions,“ Wilāyat Takwīnī” was
meaning the unusual genetic possession (Tassarrof Takwīnī) of Divine
saints (Awliā Elāhi).Najm al-din Kobrā’s idea (610 to 618) was
approximately near to the Termezi idea and spoke about the Relation
between Wilāyat and Divine Names (Asmā ilāhī). Ibn Arabi (638 A.H.),
in addition to acceptance of Termezī’s idea, also answered his questions
and made more coherence for the issue of “Wilāyat Takwīnī” by
assimilating some of the Peripatetic philosophy’s bases. Therefore, the
theory of “Wilāyat Takwīnī” has been by a historical evolution from
Termezi to Ibn ‘Arabī.

Keywords

• Wilāyat Takwīnī
• Welāyat e Bāteni
• Awliā Elāhi
• Hakim Termezi
• Mohyi al-din Ibn Arabi