Document Type : Original Article

Author

• Khadijeh Bahrami Rahnama

Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature , Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Cognitive linguistics is one of the important approaches in the science of linguistics, which can be used to make abstract concepts concrete and objective. Among the thinkers of this science, the opinions of Lakoff and Johnson play a significant role in explaining the linguistic and metaphorical patterns of mind and language. Therefore, in this research, among the components of cognitive linguistics, to explain directional metaphors, based on Lakoff's opinions, as well as volume, movement, cyclical, balance and process schemas based on Johnson's model, in Golšan-e Rāz and Tāeiye-ye Kobrā poem. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the main question of the research is that both poets used which of the directional metaphors and types of schemas to generalize and make abstract concepts concrete? Both poets have objectified abstract concepts by using up and down directional metaphors and volume, movement and balance schemas. The aim of the research is to find the mystical language of both poets by using cognitive linguistic tools. The importance and necessity of the present research is due to the fact that by means of cognitive linguistic components, it is possible to identify the style of both poets. The results of the research show that the low directional metaphors in both works are the basis for the mystic's stagnation and stop in his journey and the high directional metaphors represent the evolution of the soul and reaching God. In the volume scheme, both poets have benefited from abstract locatives to explain divine and mystical knowledge in the movement scheme, both poets emphasize the process of reference and return to the origin. The schema of balance is obtained in both works by removing the rusts of ego and non-dependence.