Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Yahya kardgar ¹
• Mohammad Foladi ²
• Zohre Rahimi Zare ³

¹ professor, Department of Persian language and literature, Faculty of literature and Humanities, University of Qom, Qom,Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, The university of Qom

³ Ph. D student of Persian Language and Literature, The university of Qom

Abstract

Cheshtiyya is the name of a chain of Sufi orders in India. Like other sects of Sufism, they had certain customs and beliefs. In their opinion, Sharia has priority over Tariqat. Nizamuddin Olya is one of the elders of this sect in the Indian subcontinent. The principles of the Chishtiyya sect have a special reflection in its meetings and events, and one can understand its thoughts and the teachings of the Chishtiyya sect well from the monographs of his meetings. Amir Hassan Sajzai and Amir Khosro Dehlavi, one of his disciples, have collected the words of their Sheikh under the title of Fawayed al-Faw’ad, Afdhal al-Fawayed and Rahat al-Mohebein. With a descriptive, analytical and comparative approach, the article has examined and analyzed the mystical thoughts, moral and theological teachings of the Sheikh based on these works. The present study shows that Nizamuddin Olya is a mystic of the Hanafi religion, and from a theological point of view, he follows the Ash'ari school in the discussion of predestination, free will, and the vision of God. The most central teachings of Nizamuddin are his great emphasis on adherence to Sharia. Emphasis on doing fariz and mustahabat, reciting the Quran and paying attention to adhar speaks of his adherence to Sharia.Therefore, it can be said, Shariah, tariqat, ethics, humans and society are the keywords of the sheikh's meetings and these words speak of the breadth of the sheikh's vision and the teachings of the Chishtiyya sect.